17 Aug Chronic Low Back Pain: What the Latest Evidence Says and How Physiotherapy Can Help
Chronic low back pain affects millions of people and is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. If you’ve been told your back is ‘worn out’ or your MRI explains all your pain, current research suggests the story is often much more complex. In this article, we explain modern evidence on chronic low back pain and how physiotherapy can help you regain confidence and function.
Quick Answer
Chronic low back pain is influenced by biological, psychological and social factors. The best evidence supports education, staying active, individualised exercise, self-management and addressing lifestyle factors, with manual therapy used as an adjunct rather than a standalone treatment.
What Is Chronic Low Back Pain?
Chronic low back pain is pain lasting longer than 3 months. In most people it cannot be explained by a single structure seen on a scan. Instead, pain reflects an interaction between tissue health, the nervous system, movement, sleep, stress, beliefs and daily life.
Causes of Chronic Low Back Pain
• Reduced physical conditioning
• Nervous system sensitisation
• Poor sleep
• Fear of movement
• Stress, anxiety or low mood
• Occupational and lifestyle factors
Symptoms to Watch For
• Persistent back pain
• Stiffness
• Reduced confidence with bending or lifting
• Avoidance of activity
• Reduced function at work, sport or home
How to Treat / Manage Chronic Low Back Pain
At home:
• Stay active
• Gradually increase activity
• Prioritise sleep and healthy habits
Continue an exercise program Physiotherapy:
• Education about pain
• Individualised exercise and strength training
• Graded exposure to feared movements
• Manual therapy when appropriate
• Self-management strategies
Exercises That Help
1. Walking program
2. Sit-to-stand
3. Hip hinge progressing to deadlift or functional lifting under guidance.
When Should You See a Physiotherapist?
If pain persists beyond a few weeks, you are avoiding activities, your function is declining, or you are unsure how to exercise safely.
If you’re dealing with chronic low back pain in Wollongong, our physiotherapy team can help you build confidence, improve strength and return to the activities that matter most.
FAQs
Q: Should I get an MRI? A: Usually not unless there are red flags or neurological concerns. Q: Is my spine damaged? A: Not necessarily. Imaging changes are common even in people without pain. Q: What’s the best exercise? A: The one you enjoy, can perform safely and will continue long term.
Author
Written by: Blake Lindsay
Qualification: Dr. Physiotherapy
Physiotherapist Experience:
Blake is a sporty, energetic and passionate Physio with an extensive background in sports with experience at the Wests Tigers and Canberra Raiders. He plays Rugby League and enjoys an afternoon surf.
Blake is a passionate Physio and a strong advocate for his patients. He is committed to ongoing learning to ensure he can provide his patients with up to date, evidence based treatment.
He holds Dry Needling qualifications and has experience with sports coverage including, Rugby, Hockey and coverage at National Swimming Championships.
He loves to have a laugh, while getting the best out of his patients to maximise their recovery.
If chronic low back pain is stopping you from living the life you want, book an appointment with our physiotherapy team. We’ll help you understand your pain, build strength and confidence, and develop a personalised recovery plan.